Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma is a cancer that develops from immature nerve cells called neuroblasts, primarily in young children. It often begins in the adrenal glands, located atop the kidneys, but can also develop in other areas of the abdomen, chest, neck, or spine where nerve tissue exists. The exact cause is unknown, but it involves genetic changes that cause these cells to grow uncontrollably. Symptoms may include a lump or swelling, pain, and sometimes bruising or fever. Treatment options typically include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or stem cell transplants, depending on the child's age and cancer stage.