Neuraminidase (NA)

Neuraminidase (NA) is an enzyme found on the surface of the influenza virus. Its primary role is to help new virus particles escape from infected cells so they can spread and infect others. NA achieves this by breaking down sialic acid molecules on the surface of cells and existing viruses, preventing the newly formed viruses from sticking to the cell they just emerged from. This action facilitates the release and dissemination of the virus within the respiratory tract, contributing to the spread of infection. NA is also a target for antiviral drugs like oseltamivir (Tamiflu) that inhibit its function.