neural tube

The neural tube is an early developmental structure in a developing embryo that eventually forms the brain and spinal cord, which are the central components of the nervous system. It begins as a flat sheet of cells that folds and closes from the middle outwards, creating a tube-like shape. Proper closure of the neural tube is crucial; if it doesn’t close correctly, it can result in neural tube defects such as spina bifida or anencephaly. This process occurs early in pregnancy, typically within the first month, highlighting the importance of prenatal care and adequate maternal nutrition.