Network theory in epidemiology

Network theory in epidemiology models how diseases spread through populations based on the connections between individuals. It views people as nodes (points) linked by edges (relationships or interactions), such as contacts, social interactions, or shared environments. The pattern and strength of these connections influence how quickly and widely an infection can propagate. Understanding the network structure helps identify key individuals or groups that can accelerate or hinder transmission, guiding targeted interventions like vaccination or social distancing to effectively control outbreaks. This approach provides a detailed understanding of pathogen movement within complex social systems.