Neocortex

The neocortex is the outer layer of the brain's cerebral cortex, responsible for higher-order functions such as reasoning, sensory perception, language, and decision-making. Composed of tightly packed neurons, it enables humans to think critically, solve problems, and understand complex ideas. Its development distinguishes humans from many other animals, facilitating advanced cognition, creativity, and social behavior. The neocortex's structure and connectivity allow us to interpret sensory information, plan actions, and learn from experience, making it a key component of our advanced mental capabilities.