Navigational instruments

Navigational instruments are tools used by sailors, pilots, and travelers to determine their position and direction when moving across water, air, or land. They include devices like compasses, which point north; GPS units that use satellites to provide exact location; and clocks or chronometers that help calculate longitude. These instruments help navigators chart courses accurately, avoid hazards, and reach their destinations safely, especially when visual landmarks are unavailable. Modern navigation often combines traditional tools with advanced technology for precise and reliable orientation.