nature of viruses

Viruses are tiny infectious agents composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a protein coat. They cannot reproduce or carry out life processes on their own; instead, they hijack the cells of living organisms to replicate. Once inside a host cell, viruses insert their genetic material, prompting the cell to produce new virus particles. These newly formed viruses then exit the host cell, often damaging or destroying it, and can infect additional cells. Viruses cause a wide range of diseases, from the common cold to more serious conditions, and understanding their nature helps in developing effective treatments and vaccines.