Naturalism vs. Supernaturalism

Naturalism is the view that everything in the universe can be explained by natural laws and scientific understanding, with no need to invoke supernatural forces or beings. It emphasizes evidence-based reasoning and the idea that nature is all there is. Supernaturalism, on the other hand, believes that some aspects of reality transcend natural laws—such as deities, spirits, or miracles—and cannot be fully explained by science alone. The two differ fundamentally in their acceptance of supernatural entities as real and relevant to understanding the universe.