Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES)

Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) is a minimally invasive surgical technique that uses natural body openings—like the mouth, vagina, or rectum—to access internal organs without external incisions. A flexible, tube-like instrument called an endoscope is inserted through these orifices to reach and treat conditions inside the abdomen or pelvis. This approach reduces pain, scarring, and recovery time compared to traditional surgery. NOTES aims to improve patient comfort and outcomes by using existing natural pathways, minimizing tissue damage and infection risks associated with external cuts.