nanoparticle synthesis methods

Nanoparticle synthesis involves creating tiny particles measured in nanometers. Methods include chemical processes where materials are mixed in solutions to form nanoparticles, often by controlling reactions and conditions. Physical methods involve breaking down bulk materials into nanoscale pieces through grinding or vaporization. Biological techniques use organisms like bacteria or plants to naturally produce nanoparticles, offering green alternatives. These methods allow precise control over size, shape, and properties of the nanoparticles, which are useful in medicine, electronics, and materials science due to their unique behaviors at the tiny scale.