Nanolithography

Nanolithography is a technique used to create extremely small patterns and structures at the nanometer scale (billionths of a meter) on surfaces, often for making advanced electronic components or materials. It involves using specialized tools, such as focused beams of electrons, ions, or light, to directly "write" or modify surfaces with high precision. This process allows scientists and engineers to develop tiny devices, like advanced semiconductors, sensors, and nanodevices, enabling innovations in technology, medicine, and materials science. It’s essentially a way to sculpt materials at an incredibly small scale for innovative applications.