N-type Semiconductor

An N-type semiconductor is a material, typically silicon, that has been specially treated to increase its electrical conductivity. This is done by adding small amounts of impurities, like phosphorus, which introduce extra electrons—negatively charged particles—into the crystal structure. These additional electrons make it easier for electric current to flow through the material. The "N" stands for negative because the charge carriers are negative electrons. N-type semiconductors are fundamental components in electronic devices, especially in creating diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits, where they help control and amplify electrical signals.