Myofibroblasts

Myofibroblasts are specialized cells that play a key role in tissue repair and wound healing. They have characteristics of both fibroblasts (which produce connective tissue) and smooth muscle cells (which contract). When a tissue is injured, myofibroblasts help close the wound by contracting and pulling the edges together, while also producing new collagen and other materials to rebuild the tissue. Normally, they decrease once healing is complete, but if they persist, they can contribute to fibrosis or excessive scarring. They are essential for healing but must be carefully regulated to prevent abnormal tissue formation.