Myctophidae (lanternfish)

Myctophidae, commonly known as lanternfish, are small, deep-sea fish characterized by their bioluminescent organs that emit light. They play a crucial role in ocean ecosystems, serving as a major food source for larger marine animals like whales and penguins. Lanternfish are highly abundant, swimming in large schools in the mesopelagic zone (around 200-1,000 meters below the surface). Their bioluminescence helps them communicate, attract prey, and avoid predators in the dark ocean environment. Despite their size, they significantly influence global carbon cycles by migrating vertically and transporting nutrients within the ocean.