Mutations theory

Mutations are changes in an organism's genetic material (DNA) that occur randomly. These changes can be small, like a single letter being modified, or larger, affecting entire sections of DNA. Mutations introduce genetic diversity, which can influence traits such as appearance, behavior, or resistance to diseases. While many mutations are neutral or harmful, some can provide advantages that improve an organism’s chances of survival and reproduction. Over time, mutations contribute to the evolution of species, driving biological diversity and adaptation to changing environments.