mucosal vaccination strategies

Mucosal vaccination strategies involve delivering vaccines directly to mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose or mouth. This approach stimulates the immune system at the entry points of many pathogens, providing localized immunity where infections often start. By targeting these surfaces, mucosal vaccines can prevent illnesses more effectively and often induce both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. Examples include nasal sprays for flu or oral vaccines for diseases like polio. This method can be easier to administer, improve comfort, and promote broader protection compared to traditional injections.