MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor)

A Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) is a device used to protect electronic circuits from voltage surges, such as lightning strikes or power spikes. It consists of a ceramic material made of metal oxides, mainly zinc oxide, that acts like a variable resistor. When the voltage is normal, the MOV offers little resistance, allowing current to pass safely. During a surge, the MOV’s resistance drops dramatically, diverting excess voltage away from sensitive components and preventing damage. Once the surge passes, the MOV returns to its high-resistance state, restoring normal operation.