molecular emission

Molecular emission occurs when molecules absorb energy, such as from light or heat, causing their electrons to move to higher energy states. When these electrons return to their normal levels, they release the excess energy as light—this is called emission. Each molecule emits light at specific wavelengths, producing a unique spectral signature. This process helps scientists identify substances in space, Earth's atmosphere, or in various chemical experiments since each molecule's emission pattern acts like a fingerprint.