molecular collisions

Molecular collisions occur when two or more molecules come into contact and interact due to their movement. These collisions can transfer energy between molecules, causing changes in their speed, direction, or energy states. They are fundamental to processes like chemical reactions, where molecules must collide with enough energy and proper orientation to break and form bonds. The frequency and outcome of collisions depend on factors like temperature, pressure, and concentration. Understanding these interactions helps explain how gases mix, reactions proceed, and properties like diffusion and thermodynamics are governed at the molecular level.