MOESI Protocol

The MOESI protocol is a method used in computer systems to efficiently manage how multiple processors access shared memory. It improves performance by keeping data consistent across caches. Each cache line (a piece of data) can be in one of five states: Modified (dirty and exclusive), Owner (clean but shared), Exclusive (clean and only in one cache), Shared (clean and possibly shared), or Invalid (outdated). This system ensures that processors know who has the most recent data, reducing unnecessary data transfers, and maintaining consistency across the system in a coordinated, efficient manner.