Modulation schemes

Modulation schemes are methods used to transmit information over electronic signals, like radio or internet waves. They work by altering certain properties of a carrier wave—such as its amplitude (height), frequency (speed), or phase (timing)—to encode data. Different schemes, like AM, FM, or digital methods like QAM, balance factors like data speed, signal quality, and robustness against noise. Think of it as changing a wave to “write” information onto it, allowing efficient and reliable communication across distances without physical connections.