modulation depth

Modulation depth refers to the extent of variation in a signal's amplitude, frequency, or phase during modulation. Essentially, it measures how much the original signal is altered or "modulated" by a control signal. A higher modulation depth means the change is more pronounced, resulting in a stronger or more noticeable effect. For example, in amplitude modulation, it indicates how much the carrier wave's amplitude varies with the message signal. Modulation depth is important because it affects the clarity and strength of the transmitted signal without causing distortion or distortion-related issues.