Model Systems

Model systems are simplified versions of biological or experimental setups that scientists use to study complex processes, such as genetics, development, or disease. These systems—like specific animals (e.g., mice, fruit flies), bacteria, or cell cultures—are selected because they are easier to work with and share key features of more complicated organisms. By studying them, researchers can uncover fundamental biological principles, understand disease mechanisms, and test potential treatments in a controlled environment before applying findings to humans.