mobile genetic elements

Mobile genetic elements are DNA sequences that can move within or between genomes, acting like natural genetic "cut and paste" tools. They include transposons ("jumping genes") and plasmids, which can transfer between bacteria or other organisms. This mobility allows genetic material, such as genes for antibiotic resistance or new traits, to spread and evolve rapidly. Mobile genetic elements play a key role in genetic diversity, adaptation, and the evolution of organisms by enabling genes to be rearranged or shared across genomes.