Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) are essential enzymes within cells that help transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. These signals often originate from external cues like stress, hormones, or growth factors, and MAPKs respond by activating specific proteins that regulate cell functions such as growth, division, and survival. Acting as part of a relay system, MAPKs ensure that cells respond appropriately to their environment, maintaining healthy function or initiating responses in cases like injury or stress. Their precise regulation is vital for normal development and preventing diseases like cancer.