Mitochondrial antigen

A mitochondrial antigen is a specific protein or molecule found in mitochondria—the energy-producing structures within cells. In some autoimmune diseases, the body's immune system mistakenly identifies these mitochondrial components as harmful and attacks them. This can lead to mitochondrial damage, impairing energy production and causing various health issues. Detecting mitochondrial antigens helps doctors diagnose certain autoimmune conditions and understand if the immune system is attacking the body's own cells, especially in diseases affecting organs like the liver or muscles.