mining techniques

Mining techniques involve extracting valuable minerals or resources from the Earth. Traditional methods include surface mining, where layers of soil and rock are removed to access deposits, and underground mining, where tunnels are dug to reach deeper resources. Modern methods like open-pit mining create large pits, while placer mining uses water to separate minerals from sediments. Advances also include techniques like in-situ mining, where solutions are injected to dissolve minerals underground, which reduces surface disturbance. These techniques vary based on the type, location, and value of the resource being mined, balancing efficiency with environmental and safety considerations.