Milner's Calculus

Milner's Calculus, developed by Robin Milner, is a formal mathematical framework used to model and analyze how processes or systems interact and communicate, especially in computing. It provides a set of rules and symbols to describe processes that can perform actions, send messages, or synchronize with each other. This calculus helps researchers understand the behavior of concurrent systems—those that operate simultaneously—by abstracting their components and interactions, enabling precise reasoning about system properties such as correctness and safety. It is fundamental in designing and verifying complex algorithms and communication protocols in computer science.