Microcontroller units (MCUs)

A microcontroller unit (MCU) is a compact integrated circuit that functions as a small, specialized computer within electronic devices. It contains a processor, memory, and input/output interfaces, enabling it to perform specific tasks such as controlling appliances, toys, or automobiles. MCUs process signals from sensors or buttons and control other components like motors or displays, making devices interactive and automated. They are designed to be efficient, cost-effective, and energy-saving, and are essential in embedded systems where dedicated control is needed without the complexity of a full computer system.