microbial physiology

Microbial physiology is the study of how tiny organisms, like bacteria and fungi, function and live. It examines how they take in nutrients, grow, produce energy, and carry out necessary processes to survive and reproduce. Essentially, it explores the life activities happening inside microbes, including how they metabolize substances, respond to their environment, and interact with their surroundings. Understanding these processes helps scientists develop medicines, control infections, and utilize microbes in industries like food production and waste treatment.