Micro- and nano-electronics

Micro- and nano-electronics focus on designing and manufacturing very small electronic circuits and devices. Micro-electronics typically involves components on the scale of micrometers (millionths of a meter), such as computer chips that process data. Nano-electronics go even smaller, working at the nanometer scale (billionths of a meter), enabling new functionalities like ultra-efficient sensors and advanced quantum devices. These fields utilize advanced techniques to create tiny, high-performance components that power modern electronics, from smartphones to medical implants, by improving speed, reducing size, and increasing energy efficiency.