metal fatigue

Metal fatigue is the weakening of a metal caused by repeated cycles of stress or strain, often below its breaking point. Over time, these cycles create tiny cracks that grow gradually, eventually leading to fractures. It’s like bending a paperclip back and forth repeatedly; each cycle weakens the metal further, even though individual bends seem harmless. Factors such as stress level, material properties, and environment influence fatigue life. Understanding metal fatigue is crucial for designing durable structures and components, as it helps prevent unexpected failures in things like bridges, airplanes, and machinery.