MESI Protocol

The MESI protocol is a method used in computer systems to manage how multiple processors share and access cache memory efficiently. It keeps track of each data piece's state—Modified, Exclusive, Shared, or Invalid—ensuring data consistency and preventing errors. For example, if one processor changes data (Modified), others know it has been updated and cannot use outdated information. This protocol helps maintain data integrity, reduces unnecessary data transfers, and optimizes system performance by coordinating how caches communicate and update shared data.