Melzack and Wall (Gat control theory developers)

Melzack and Wall developed the Gate Control Theory in the 1960s to explain how pain is perceived. They proposed that the nervous system has a "gate" that can either block or allow pain signals to reach the brain. This gate is influenced by various factors, including emotional and psychological states. For example, distractions or positive emotions can close the gate, reducing the sensation of pain, while stress or anxiety can open it, intensifying pain. This theory highlights the complexity of pain and suggests that it's not just a physical experience but also influenced by individual perceptions and contexts.