Maxwell-Wagner polarization

Maxwell-Wagner polarization occurs in materials made of different conductors or insulators layered together. When an electric field is applied, charges tend to gather at the interfaces between these layers because their electrical properties differ. This accumulation of charges creates an additional response to the electric field, leading to increased dielectric (insulating) behavior at certain frequencies. Essentially, it's a time-dependent build-up of charge at interfaces, enhancing the material's overall ability to store electrical energy, especially notable at lower frequencies. This phenomenon helps explain the electrical properties of complex composite materials.