Matilda of Tuscany

Matilda of Tuscany (1046–1115) was a powerful medieval noblewoman in present-day Italy, known for her leadership and influence during the Investiture Controversy—a major conflict between the church and the Holy Roman Empire over who had the authority to appoint church officials. As a ruler of a large territory, she supported the Pope and fought against Emperor Henry IV, demonstrating political and military strength. Her tenure highlighted the important role women could play in medieval politics, and she remains a significant figure for her dedication to church interests and her governance.