Mathematics of cryptography

Mathematics in cryptography involves using complex mathematical concepts to secure information. It includes methods like number theory, which uses properties of numbers (like prime numbers) to create secure keys for encryption and decryption. Algebraic structures help develop algorithms that scramble data so only authorized parties can decode it. These mathematical techniques ensure confidentiality, integrity, and authentication in digital communication. Essentially, cryptography relies on math to design systems that make information unreadable to outsiders, while allowing intended recipients to access and verify it, safeguarding privacy in our digital world.