Mathematics of algorithms

Mathematics of algorithms involves analyzing how efficiently they solve problems, focusing on their steps and resources used. It uses concepts like counting operations, measuring time (how long they take), and space (memory needed). This helps predict performance, compare different algorithms, and choose the best one for a task. Mathematical tools such as functions, graphs, and big notation (like Big O notation) describe how algorithms scale as input size grows, ensuring solutions are effective and practical for real-world applications.