Masers (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)

A maser (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is a device that amplifies microwave signals using a process similar to lasers but at microwave frequencies. It works by energizing a special medium (like atoms or molecules) so that many are in a high-energy state. When a microwave signal passes through, it stimulates these excited atoms to release additional energy as identical microwave waves, amplifying the original signal. Masers are highly precise and used in applications requiring stable, strong microwave signals, such as deep-space communication, atomic clocks, and certain scientific instruments.