mapping subsurface structures

Mapping subsurface structures involves using geophysical techniques, like seismic surveys, to create images of underground features such as rock layers, faults, or cavities. By sending sound or electromagnetic signals into the ground and analyzing how they reflect or change, scientists can interpret what lies beneath the surface without digging. This process helps in resource exploration, construction planning, and understanding geological hazards, providing a detailed view of the subsurface environment for informed decision-making.