malicious software (malware)

Malicious software, or malware, refers to harmful programs designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems and networks. Common types of malware include viruses, which replicate themselves; worms, which spread across networks; ransomware, which locks files for a ransom; and spyware, which secretly monitors user activity. Malware can compromise personal information, slow down devices, and cause significant financial loss. It often spreads through infected emails, downloads, or compromised websites. Protecting against malware typically involves using antivirus software, keeping systems updated, and practicing safe browsing habits.