MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight)

MALDI-TOF is a laboratory technique used to identify molecules, especially proteins and bacteria. It works by mixing the sample with a special matrix, then using a laser to ionize the molecules without breaking them apart. These charged particles are then accelerated through a vacuum tube; lighter ones reach the detector faster than heavier ones. Measuring their time-of-flight allows precise determination of their mass. This method is quick, accurate, and widely used in medical diagnostics, environmental testing, and research to identify substances based on their unique molecular "fingerprints."