Mahmood of Ghazni

Mahmood of Ghazni was a prominent 11th-century Muslim ruler in what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan. As the founder of the Ghaznavid Empire, he expanded his territory through military campaigns into northern India, notably raiding wealthy Hindu temples like the famous Somnath. His reign helped spread Islamic culture and influence in the region, while also fostering arts, architecture, and learning. Mahmood is remembered as a powerful and ambitious leader who played a significant role in shaping medieval South Asian history through both conquest and cultural patronage.