magnetic pole reversal

Magnetic pole reversal is a natural process where Earth's magnetic north and south poles switch places. This occurs over thousands to millions of years and results from changes in the fluid motion within Earth's liquid outer core, which generates its magnetic field. During a reversal, the magnetic field weakens and becomes more complex before flipping, similar to a compass needle that temporarily points in different directions. These reversals have happened multiple times in Earth's history and are studied through geological records like rocks and sediments. Although they can cause temporary disruptions to navigation and animals that rely on magnetic cues, they are usually not catastrophic.