Magnetic Field of Earth

The Earth's magnetic field is a protective force generated by movements of molten iron in its outer core. This creates a giant magnetic shield around the planet, similar to a bar magnet with a north and south pole. The field deflects charged particles from the Sun—solar wind—protecting our atmosphere and life. It also enables compass navigation. The magnetic poles shift over time, and the field's strength varies across the surface. This dynamic magnetic shield is essential for maintaining Earth's habitability and plays a key role in space weather interactions.