MAGMA (Mid-oceanic Ridge Magma Generator)

MAGMA, or Mid-oceanic Ridge Magma Generator, is a geological process at divergent tectonic plate boundaries, primarily under the oceans. When Earth's plates pull apart, magma from the mantle rises to fill the gap, creating new oceanic crust. This continuous flow of magma forms underwater mountain ranges called mid-ocean ridges. The process involves partial melting of mantle material due to pressure release and heat, producing magma that solidifies upon cooling, shaping Earth's ocean floors and driving plate movement. MAGMA is fundamental to understanding how new crust forms and how Earth's surface constantly evolves.