MacGregor's Theory X and Theory Y

MacGregor's Theory X and Theory Y are two different ways managers think about employee motivation. Theory X assumes that workers dislike work, need strict supervision, and must be controlled or threatened to perform. In contrast, Theory Y views employees as naturally motivated, responsible, and capable of self-direction if they find their work satisfying. Managers adopting Theory Y tend to trust and empower employees, believing that motivation comes from the work itself. Understanding these theories helps managers create leadership approaches that enhance productivity and job satisfaction, depending on their beliefs about worker motivation.