Lunar topography

Lunar topography refers to the physical features and surface characteristics of the Moon. It includes various landforms such as craters, volcanic plains, mountain ranges, and valleys. The Moon's surface was shaped by impacts from space debris, volcanic activity, and tectonic movements over billions of years. Large, round craters result from meteorite impacts, while smoother areas called maria are ancient lava plains. The terrain varies greatly, with highlands and lowlands, creating a diverse and rugged landscape. Understanding lunar topography helps scientists learn about the Moon’s history and geological processes, as well as plan future exploration missions.