Low-Density Parity-Check Codes (LDPC)

Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes are a type of error-correcting code used in digital communication to ensure data is transmitted accurately. They work by adding extra bits to the original information based on a specific pattern (parity). These extra bits create a sparse, low-density structure that allows efficient detection and correction of errors caused by noise or interference during transmission. LDPC codes are widely used in applications like satellite communications, Wi-Fi, and data storage because they provide high reliability and approach the theoretical maximum data rate (channel capacity) achievable with given noise levels.