Lorentz Model

The Lorentz Model describes how electrons in a material respond to an applied electric field. It treats electrons as tiny particles that experience a restoring force toward their equilibrium positions and are subject to collisions. When an electric field is applied, electrons accelerate but are scattered by atoms or imperfections, limiting their motion. This model helps explain how materials conduct electricity and interact with light, by connecting the electrons’ response to the material’s optical and electrical properties, providing a foundational understanding of phenomena like absorption and dispersion in materials.